空气负离子的作用及功效Function and efficacy of negative air ions

　　空气负（氧）离子（Negative air （oxygen） ion，NAI）是带负电荷的单个气体分子和轻离子团的总称。在自然生态系统中，森林和湿地是产生空气负（氧）离子的重要场所。 在空气净化、城市小气候等方面有调节作用，其浓度水平是城市空气质量评价的指标之一。NAI主要是由空气中含氧负离子与若干个水分子结合形成的原子团，根据地理物理学和大地测量学国际联盟的大气联合委员会采用的理论，NAI就是O2-（H2O）n，或OH-（H2O）n，CO4（H2O）2，是带负电荷单个气体分子以及其轻离子团的总称。由于氧分子比CO2，N2等分子更具有亲电性，因此氧分子会优先获得电子形成负离子，所以NAI主要由负氧离子组成，故常被称为空气负氧离子。

NAI作为活性氧的重要成员之一，由于其带负电荷在结构上与超氧化物自由基相似，其氧化还原作用强，能够破坏细菌病毒电荷的屏障及细菌细胞活性酶的活性；另外，NAI可以沉降空气中的悬浮颗粒物。

Negative air (oxygen) ion (NAI) is the general name of single gas molecule and light ion group with negative charge. In the natural ecosystem, forests and wetlands are important places to produce negative air (oxygen) ions. Its concentration level is one of the indexes of urban air quality evaluation. Nai is mainly composed of oxygen-containing negative ions in the air combined with several water molecules. According to the theory adopted by the joint atmospheric Committee of the International Union of Geophysics and geodesy, Nai is O2 - (H2O) n, or Oh - (H2O) n, Co4 (H2O) 2, which is the general name of single gas molecule with negative charge and its light ion group. Because oxygen molecules are more electrophilic than CO2, N2 and other molecules, oxygen molecules will preferentially obtain electrons to form negative ions, so Nai is mainly composed of negative oxygen ions, so it is often called air negative oxygen ions.Nai is one of the important members of reactive oxygen species. Because of its negative charge, Nai is similar to superoxide radical in structure, and its redox effect is strong, which can destroy the barrier of bacterial virus charge and the activity of bacterial cell active enzymes; in addition, Nai can settle suspended particles in the air.

　　负离子的产生原理主要有以下几种：

1．大气受紫外线，宇宙射线，放射物质，雷雨，风暴，土壤和空气放射线等因素的影响发生电离而被释放出的电子经过地球吸收后再释放出来很快又和空气中的中性分子结合，而成为负离子，或称为阴离子。自然界的负离子（也就是在身体内起好的作用和还原作用的负离子）有很大的抗氧化效果与还原力。

2．瀑布冲击，细浪推卷暴雨跌失等自然过程中水在重力作用下，高速流动，水分子裂解而产生负离子。物质分子形态转换过程。

3．森林的树木，叶枝尖端放电及绿色植物光合作用形成的光电效应，使空气电离而产生的负离子。

4．部分地壳岩石能够释放出一定的负离子。

5．通过人工负离子生成技术产生空气负离子。据新华网和光明日报等媒体报道，目前采用最新负离子转换器技术产生的负离子已达生态级，该生态级负离子即是易于进入人体的小粒径负离子。

The generation principle of negative ions is as follows:

1. The atmosphere is ionized by ultraviolet rays, cosmic rays, radioactive substances, thunderstorms, storms, soil and air radiation and other factors. The electrons released are absorbed by the earth and then released. Soon they combine with the neutral molecules in the air and become negative ions, or anions. The negative ions in nature (that is, the negative ions that play a good role in the body and reducing effect) have great antioxidant effect and reducing power.

2. Under the action of gravity, water flows at high speed and water molecules cleave to produce negative ions. The process of molecular morphological transformation.

3. The negative ions produced by the electric discharge at the tip of leaves and branches of forest trees and the photosynthesis of green plants make the air ionized.

4. Some crustal rocks can release some negative ions.

5. Air anion is produced by artificial anion generation technology. According to media reports such as xinhuanet.com and Guangming Daily, the negative ions produced by the latest negative ion converter technology have reached the ecological level, which is the small particle size anion that is easy to enter the human body.

空气维生素——负离子

　　矿物晶体辐射远红外线的波长在2-18μm范围内，且辐射功率发射密度为0.04w/cm2略高，以上数据可充分证实，负离子矿物晶体辐射的远红外线与人体协调很好，可被人体全部吸收。对于每个正负离子而言，它的寿命是短暂的，一般只存在几十分钟。空气中负离子的多少，受地理条件特殊性影响而含量不同。公园、郊区田野、海滨、湖泊、瀑布附近和森林中含量较多。因此，当人们进入上述场地的时候，头脑清新，呼吸舒畅和爽快。进入吵杂拥挤的人群，或进入空调房内，则使人感觉闷热、呼吸不畅等。一般而言，人每天需要约130亿个负离子，而我们的居室，办公室，娱乐场所等环境，只能提供约1——20亿个。这种供求之间的巨大反差，往往容易导致肺炎，气管炎的呼吸疾病。集中采暖以及冷气设备的空调系统，负离子常被驱除。合成纤维、地毯带有正电荷易吸收负离子。钢筋、纤维板都吸收负离子。

　　空气负离子能还原来自大气的污染物质、氮氧化物、香烟等产生的活性氧（氧自由基）、减少过多活性氧对人体的危害；中和带正电的空气飘尘无电荷后沉降，使空气得到净化。负离子不仅能促成人体合成和储存维生素，强化和激活人体的生理活动，因此它又被称为"空气维生素",认为它像食物的维生素一样，对人体及其他生物的生命活动有着十分重要的影响，如雷雨过后，空气的负离子增多，人们感到心情舒畅。而在空调房间，因空气中负离子经过一系列空调净化处理和漫长通风管道后几乎全部消失，人们在其中长期停留会感到胸闷、头晕、乏力、工作效率和健康状况下降，被称之为“空调综合症”。在医学界，负离子被确认是具有杀灭病菌及净化空气的有效手段。其机理主要在于负离子与细菌结合后，使细菌产生结构的改变或能量的转移，导致细菌死亡，最终降沉于地面。医学研究表明，空气中带负电的微粒使血中含氧量增加，有利于血氧输送、吸收和利用，具有促进人体新陈代谢，提高人体免疫能力，增强人体肌能，调节肌体功能平衡的作用。据考证，负离子对人体7个系统，近30多种疾病具有抑制、缓解和辅助治疗作用，尤其对人体的保健作用更为明显。

Air vitamin negative ion

The wavelength of far-infrared radiation from mineral crystal is in the range of 2-18 μ m, and the radiation power emission density is slightly higher than 0.04w/cm2. The above data can fully confirm that the far-infrared radiation of negative ion mineral crystal is in good coordination with the human body and can be fully absorbed by the human body. For each positive and negative ion, its lifetime is short, generally only a few minutes. The amount of negative ions in the air varies with the geographical conditions. It is abundant in parks, suburban fields, seashore, lakes, waterfalls and forests. Therefore, when people enter the above venues, their minds are fresh, their breath is relaxed and refreshing. Enter the noisy crowd, or enter the air-conditioned room, it makes people feel stuffy and hot, breathing is not smooth and so on. Generally speaking, people need about 13 billion negative ions every day, while our living rooms, offices, entertainment places and other environments can only provide about 100-2 billion negative ions. The huge contrast between supply and demand often leads to pneumonia, tracheitis and respiratory diseases. In the air conditioning system of central heating and air-conditioning equipment, negative ions are often removed. Synthetic fibers and carpets are positively charged and easily absorb negative ions. Negative ions are absorbed by reinforcement and fiberboard.

The negative air ions can reduce the active oxygen (oxygen free radicals) produced by air pollutants, nitrogen oxides, cigarettes, etc., and reduce the harm of excessive active oxygen to human body; neutralize the positively charged air dust and settle it without charge, so as to purify the air. Negative ions can not only promote the synthesis and storage of vitamins, strengthen and activate the physiological activities of the human body. Therefore, it is also known as "air vitamin". It is believed that, like vitamins in food, it has a very important impact on the life activities of human body and other organisms. For example, after thunderstorm, the negative ions in the air increase, and people feel comfortable. In the air-conditioned room, because the negative ions in the air almost disappear after a series of air conditioning purification treatment and long-term ventilation pipes, people will feel chest tightness, dizziness, fatigue, work efficiency and health status decline in the middle and long-term stay, which is called "air conditioning syndrome". In the medical field, anion is recognized as an effective means to kill bacteria and purify air. The main mechanism is that the negative ions combine with bacteria, which makes the bacteria produce structural changes or energy transfer, resulting in the death of bacteria, and finally sink to the ground. Medical research shows that negative particles in the air increase the oxygen content in the blood, which is conducive to the transportation, absorption and utilization of blood oxygen. It can promote human metabolism, improve human immune capacity, enhance human muscle energy, and regulate the balance of body function. According to the research, negative ions can inhibit, alleviate and assist the treatment of seven systems and nearly 30 kinds of diseases, especially the health care effect of human body.

　　负离子在医学界被称为是“空气维生素”其主要的作用表现在：1、对神经系统的影响。可使大脑皮层功能及脑力活动加强，精神振奋，工作效益提高，能使睡眠质量得到改善。 负离子还可使脑组织的氧化过程力度加强，使脑组织获得更多的氧。2、对心血管系统的影响。据学者观察，负离子有明显扩张血管的作用，可解除动脉血管痉挛，达到降低血压的目的，负离子对于改善心脏功能和改善心肌营养也大有好处，有利于高血压和心脑血管疾患病人的病情恢复。3、对血液系统的影响。研究证实，负离子有使血液凝聚流速变慢、延长凝血时间的作用，能使血中含氧量增加，有利于血氧输送、吸收和利用。4、负离子对呼吸系统的影响最明显。这是因为负离子是通过呼吸道进入人体的，它可以提高人的肺活量。有人曾经试验，在玻璃面罩中吸入空气负离子30分钟，可使肺部吸收氧气量增加20%，而排出二氧化碳量可增加14.5%，故负离子有改善和增加肺功能的作用。除此之外，空气负离子还有镇静、催眠的作用。如果我们每天吸入适量的负离子，持之以恒，对健康大有裨益：使人精力旺盛，消除疲劳和倦怠，提高工作效率。改善睡眠，消除神经衰弱。降低疾病发病率，预防感冒和呼吸道疾病。改善心、脑血管疾病的症状。在负离子作用下，可使骨骼的兴奋性增加，运动时值降低，有助于运动员提高成绩，特别是对一些需迅速反应的项目，如短跑、游泳等。

Negative ions are known as "air vitamins" in the medical field, and their main functions are as follows: 1. The influence on the nervous system. It can strengthen the function of cerebral cortex and mental activity, stimulate the spirit, improve the work efficiency, and improve the sleep quality. Negative ions can also strengthen the oxidation process of brain tissue and make brain tissue obtain more oxygen. 2. Effects on cardiovascular system. According to the observation of scholars, negative ions can obviously dilate blood vessels, relieve arterial vasospasm, and reduce blood pressure. Negative ions are also beneficial to improve cardiac function and myocardial nutrition, which is conducive to the recovery of patients with hypertension and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. 3. Effects on the blood system. It has been proved that negative ions can slow down the blood coagulation velocity, prolong the coagulation time, increase the oxygen content in the blood, which is conducive to the transportation, absorption and utilization of blood oxygen. 4. Negative ions have the most obvious effect on respiratory system. This is because negative ions enter the human body through the respiratory tract, which can improve the vital capacity of people. It has been tested that inhalation of negative air ions in a glass mask for 30 minutes can increase the amount of oxygen absorbed by the lungs by 20%, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted by the lungs can be increased by 14.5%. Therefore, negative ions can improve and increase lung function. In addition, negative air ions also have sedative and hypnotic effects. If we inhale a proper amount of negative ions every day and persevere, it is of great benefit to our health: it can make people energetic, eliminate fatigue and tiredness, and improve work efficiency. Improve sleep, eliminate neurasthenia. Reduce the incidence rate of diseases, prevent colds and respiratory diseases. Improve the symptoms of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Under the action of negative ions, it can increase the excitability of bones and decrease the time value of exercise, which is helpful for athletes to improve their performance, especially for some items that need quick reaction, such as sprint, swimming, etc.

负离子的保健作用原理

　　负离子具有保健作用。在不同地区，空气中存在的负离子数目相当大，有人测定过，按每立方厘米空气中所含负离子的个数计算，在农村有1000个左右，海滨有4000个，喷泉、瀑布附近则可达5000以上。由于这些地方空气中负离子的含量较高，所以使人感到精力充沛。可是在一些人口稠密的大城市，由于空气污染比较严重，负离子浓度就比较低。也有环境部门进行过检测，在城市中，每立方厘米含有的负离子在室外也有几百个，室内就更少了，不超过1000个!特别是在电视机和计算机旁边几乎没有什么负离子，长期在这种环境中学习和工作，往往比较疲劳，不利于健康.。

　　负离子为何具有保健作用 ？医学专家通过研究认为有以下三个方面的原因。首先，在生物体内，每一个细胞都像一个微型电池，它的膜内外有50~90毫伏的电位差。正是依靠这些“电池”的不断充电放电作用。机体神经系统才能把视觉、听觉等信号输送到大脑，或将大脑的指令传送到身体的各个器官。机体组织的电活动需要通过负离子的不断补充来维。一旦生物体得不到负离子的补充就会影响正常的生理活动，产生胸闷、头昏，甚至患病。其次，由于攻击人体细胞的病毒通常都带有负电荷，因此如果人体细胞也带上负电荷，就会由于同性相斥的作用。使病毒失去对活细胞的攻击能力。最后负离子还能通过呼吸进入肺部，并通过人体各组织直接刺激，以及神经反射和体液的相互做用，对人体产生中和的生理保健作用。

　　负离子对人体的作用主要有以下几方面：

1．呼吸系统：负离子能促进鼻腔粘膜柱状上皮细胞形成，使支气管粘膜的纤毛运动加速，促进水肿消退，改善肺泡的换气功能，提高血氧饱和度。临床结果表明，吸入具有治疗浓度的负离子30分钟后，肺吸收氧气增加20%，排出二氧化碳增加14.5%，缓解支气管平滑肌痉挛，促使哮喘患者等的肺功能及肺泡分泌功能恢复正常。　

2．神经系统：负离子能穿透血脑屏障进入脑脊液，调节大脑皮层功能使兴奋和抑郁过程于平衡。通过调解人体脑垂体的内啡肽和干扰素的水平，起到镇静、镇痛作用。可以减轻血液中血管紧张，调节交感神经和副交感神经系统功能间的平衡；

3．心血管系统：负离子通过神经反射和体液作用，扩张冠状动脉增加冠状动脉血流量，改善心肌的功能，调整心率使血管反应和血流速度恢复正常，缓解心绞痛恢复正常血压；

4．消化系统：负离子调节胃肠蠕动，促进消化和吸收，对结肠炎、痢疾及习惯性便秘有较好的治疗效果。

5．内分泌系统：能通过血液循环，改善内分泌功能，如提高性腺功能和改善甲状腺功能等；　　

6．代谢系统：促进机体氧化还原过程，能激活体内酶系统，促进体内合成和储存维生素、促进机体新陈代谢，降低血中乳酸含量消除疲劳，提高工作效率；　　

7．免疫系统：提高机体细胞免疫和体液免疫，增强机体抗菌能力；　　

8．血液系统：负离子能进入血液直接影响血液中带电离子的组成和分布，促使红细胞、网织红细胞、血红蛋白、血钙的增加，降低血糖、血脂和血液粘稠度；　　

9．运动系统：负离子可以加强骨压电极化现象，促使有用的骨增殖，无用的骨溶解消失，对骨进行生理需要的正常改造，使病理性骨力线得以恢复，并增加骨细胞代谢功能，对颈椎病、腰间盘突出、类风湿关节炎风湿关节炎有明显治疗作用；

10．皮肤及五官科疾病：负离子对皮肤神经末梢感受器有良好作用，继而使皮下组织的酸碱度向碱性方面转化。

负离子在改善空气环境方面的作用如下：

　　目前空气负离子已被当作评价环境和空气质量的一个重要标准。当人们漫步在海边、瀑布和森林时，会感到呼吸舒畅，心旷神怡，其中一个最重要的原因使空气中含有丰富的负离子。而空气环境变差主要是由于空气中正、负离子浓度比失衡，空气中含有有害气体和烟雾、灰尘、病毒、细菌等。而空气负离子一方面可以调节正、负离子浓度比，另一方面又可起到净化空气的作用，负离子能使空气中微米级肉眼看不见的漂尘，通过正负离子吸引、碰撞形成分子团下沉落地，且负离子能使细菌蛋白质两级性颠倒，而使细菌生存能力下降或致死。负离子净化空气的特点为灭活速度快，灭活率高，对空气、物品表面的微生物、细菌、病毒均有灭活作用。

Health care principle of anion

Negative ions have health care function. In different areas, the number of negative ions in the air is quite large. According to the number of negative ions in the air per cubic centimeter, there are about 1000 in the countryside, 4000 in the seashore, and more than 5000 in the vicinity of fountains and waterfalls. Because of the high content of negative ions in the air in these places, people feel energetic. However, in some densely populated cities, due to the serious air pollution, the concentration of negative ions is relatively low. There are also environmental departments have carried out the test, in the city, there are hundreds of negative ions per cubic centimeter in the outdoor, less than 1000 in the indoor! Especially in the TV and computer next to almost no negative ions, long-term study and work in this environment, often more tired, not conducive to health.

Why does anion have health care function? Medical experts believe that there are three reasons for this. First of all, in organisms, every cell is like a miniature battery, with a potential difference of 50-90 MV inside and outside its membrane. It is the continuous charging and discharging effect of these "batteries". The nervous system of the body can transmit visual, auditory and other signals to the brain, or transmit the instructions of the brain to various organs of the body. The electrical activity of body tissues needs to be maintained by the continuous supplement of negative ions. Once the organism can not get the supplement of negative ions, it will affect the normal physiological activities, resulting in chest tightness, dizziness, and even illness. Secondly, since viruses attacking human cells are usually negatively charged, if human cells are also negatively charged, they will repel each other due to the same sex. The virus loses its ability to attack living cells. Finally, negative ions can also enter the lungs through breathing, and directly stimulate the various tissues of the human body, as well as the interaction between nerve reflex and body fluid, which has a neutral physiological health care effect on the human body.

The effects of negative ions on human body mainly include the following aspects:

1. Respiratory system: negative ions can promote the formation of columnar epithelial cells of nasal mucosa, accelerate the ciliary movement of bronchial mucosa, promote the regression of edema, improve the ventilation function of alveoli, and increase blood oxygen saturation. The clinical results showed that 30 minutes after inhaling the negative ions with therapeutic concentration, the pulmonary oxygen absorption increased by 20%, and the carbon dioxide emission increased by 14.5%.

2. Nervous system: negative ions can penetrate the blood-brain barrier into cerebrospinal fluid, regulate the function of cerebral cortex, and balance the process of excitation and depression. By regulating the levels of endorphin and interferon in human pituitary gland, it plays a sedative and analgesic effect. It can reduce blood vessel tension and regulate the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system functions;

3. Cardiovascular system: through nerve reflex and humoral action, negative ions dilate coronary artery, increase coronary artery blood flow, improve myocardial function, adjust heart rate, make vascular reaction and blood flow velocity return to normal, relieve angina pectoris and return to normal blood pressure;

4. Digestive system: negative ions regulate gastrointestinal peristalsis, promote digestion and absorption, and have good therapeutic effect on colitis, dysentery and habitual constipation.

5. Endocrine system: it can improve endocrine function through blood circulation, such as improving gonadal function and thyroid function;

6. Metabolic system: it can promote the redox process of the body, activate the enzyme system in the body, promote the synthesis and storage of vitamins in the body, promote the metabolism of the body, reduce the lactic acid content in the blood, eliminate fatigue, and improve work efficiency;

7. Immune system: improve the cellular immunity and humoral immunity of the body and enhance the antibacterial ability of the body

8. Blood system: negative ions can enter the blood, directly affect the composition and distribution of charged ions in the blood, promote the increase of red blood cells, reticulocyte, hemoglobin and blood calcium, and reduce blood glucose, blood lipid and blood viscosity;

9. Motor system: negative ions can strengthen the phenomenon of bone piezoelectric polarization, promote the proliferation of useful bone, the disappearance of useless osteolysis, normal transformation of bone physiological needs, the recovery of pathological bone strength line, and increase the metabolic function of bone cells. It has obvious therapeutic effect on cervical spondylosis, lumbar disc herniation, rheumatoid arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis;

10. Skin and five sense organs diseases: negative ions have a good effect on the skin nerve terminal receptors, and then make the pH of subcutaneous tissue into alkaline.

The effects of negative ions on the environment are as follows:

At present, air anion has been regarded as an important standard to evaluate the environment and air quality. One of the most important reasons for people to feel relaxed and relaxed when walking along the sea, waterfalls and forests is that the air is rich in negative ions. The deterioration of the air environment is mainly due to the imbalance of the concentration ratio of positive and negative ions in the air. The air contains harmful gases, smoke, dust, viruses, bacteria and so on. On the one hand, negative air ions can adjust the concentration ratio of positive and negative ions, on the other hand, they can purify the air. Negative ions can make the micron scale floating dust in the air invisible to the naked eye, form molecular clusters through the attraction and collision of positive and negative ions, and the negative ions can reverse the two-level nature of bacterial protein, and reduce the viability or death of bacteria. The characteristics of air purification by anion are fast inactivation rate and high inactivation rate, which can inactivate microorganisms, bacteria and viruses on the air and the surface of articles.

负离子浓度对应效果表

与人类健康关系度

（以上数据由台湾科技大学叶正涛教授收集整理。表中负离子浓度单位：个/cm3 ）

Effect table of negative ion concentration

Negative ion concentration in environment Relationship with human health

Forest waterfall: 10000-20000 The human body has natural healing power

Mountain and seaside: 50-10000 Sterilization, reduce disease transmission

Rural fields: 1000-5000 Enhance human immunity and antibacterial power

Wilderness suburbs: 100-1000 Enhance human immunity and antibacterial power

Park: 400-1000 Enhance human immunity and antibacterial power

City Park: 400-600 Improve your health

Street green belt: 200-400 Slight improvement in health

City Room: 100 Induced physiological disorders, headache, insomnia, etc

Building office: 40-50 Induced physiological disorders, headache, insomnia, etc

Industrial Development Zone: 0 Prone to various diseases

(the above data were collected and compiled by Professor Ye Zhengtao of Taiwan University of science and technology. Negative ion concentration in the table unit: Unit / cm3)